旧约 - 以斯拉记(Ezra)第4章

Now when the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin heard that the children of the captivity builded the temple unto the LORD God of Israel;
Then they came to Zerubbabel, and to the chief of the fathers, and said unto them, Let us build with you: for we seek your God, as ye do; and we do sacrifice unto him since the days of Esarhaddon king of Assur, which brought us up hither.
But Zerubbabel, and Jeshua, and the rest of the chief of the fathers of Israel, said unto them, Ye have nothing to do with us to build an house unto our God; but we ourselves together will build unto the LORD God of Israel, as king Cyrus the king of Persia hath commanded us.
Then the people of the land weakened the hands of the people of Judah, and troubled them in building,
And hired counsellors against them, to frustrate their purpose, all the days of Cyrus king of Persia, even until the reign of Darius king of Persia.
And in the reign of Ahasuerus, in the beginning of his reign, wrote they unto him an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem.
And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of their companions, unto Artaxerxes king of Persia; and the writing of the letter was written in the Syrian tongue, and interpreted in the Syrian tongue.
Rehum the chancellor and Shimshai the scribe wrote a letter against Jerusalem to Artaxerxes the king in this sort:
Then wrote Rehum the chancellor, and Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their companions; the Dinaites, the Apharsathchites, the Tarpelites, the Apharsites, the Archevites, the Babylonians, the Susanchites, the Dehavites, and the Elamites,
This is the copy of the letter that they sent unto him, even unto Artaxerxes the king; Thy servants the men on this side the river, and at such a time.
Be it known unto the king, that the Jews which came up from thee to us are come unto Jerusalem, building the rebellious and the bad city, and have set up the walls thereof, and joined the foundations.
Be it known now unto the king, that, if this city be builded, and the walls set up again, then will they not pay toll, tribute, and custom, and so thou shalt endamage the revenue of the kings.
Now because we have maintenance from the king's palace, and it was not meet for us to see the king's dishonour, therefore have we sent and certified the king;
That search may be made in the book of the records of thy fathers: so shalt thou find in the book of the records, and know that this city is a rebellious city, and hurtful unto kings and provinces, and that they have moved sedition within the same of old time: for which cause was this city destroyed.
We certify the king that, if this city be builded again, and the walls thereof set up, by this means thou shalt have no portion on this side the river.
Then sent the king an answer unto Rehum the chancellor, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and unto the rest beyond the river, Peace, and at such a time.
The letter which ye sent unto us hath been plainly read before me.
And I commanded, and search hath been made, and it is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been made therein.
There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, which have ruled over all countries beyond the river; and toll, tribute, and custom, was paid unto them.
Give ye now commandment to cause these men to cease, and that this city be not builded, until another commandment shall be given from me.
Take heed now that ye fail not to do this: why should damage grow to the hurt of the kings?
Now when the copy of king Artaxerxes' letter was read before Rehum, and Shimshai the scribe, and their companions, they went up in haste to Jerusalem unto the Jews, and made them to cease by force and power.
Then ceased the work of the house of God which is at Jerusalem. So it ceased unto the second year of the reign of Darius king of Persia.
以斯拉记第四章   第 4 章 

  拉 4:1-3> 啊,松一口气,幸亏识破他们,若真与他们工作── 

  4:1-3 亚述征服北国以色列后,把外邦人迁入,这些人后来成为犹大和便雅悯的仇敌(参 3:3 注释;王下 17 章)。为了渗入以色列人当中破坏圣殿重建,外邦人假装愿意伸出援手,但真正的目的却是要监视犹太人的动静,防止耶路撒冷再度强盛起来。不过,犹太人早已识破他们的诡计。与不信的人合作做神的工,会叫神的子民在信仰上妥协。 

  拉 4:1-6> 为神作工,受到拦阻是在所难免的──人们这样说。是真的吗?那怎算好?就不为神作工了吗? 

  4:1-6 信徒为神做工时,难免会遇到拦阻(参提后 3:12 ),不信的人和邪恶的灵界势力常常攻击神和祂的子民。他们摆出友善的姿态( 4:2 )来寻求合作,目的却要趁机打击和威吓我们( 4:4-5 ),甚至诬陷我们( 4:6 )。若能及早识破他们的诡计,仇敌便无法得逞。当拦阻出现时,我们只管照神的计划放胆而行,信靠神并留心看祂如何带领我们胜过各种障碍。 

  拉 4:2> 看那亚述人又真是挺有诚意,看有些假教徒也真是很和善,要提防假冒,这…… 

  4:2 仇敌声称敬奉所罗巴伯和犹太人的神,表面看来,他们的确如此,但同时他们还拜别的神(参王下 17:27-29 , 32-34 , 41 )。在神眼中,这并非敬拜,而是犯罪和背叛,真正的敬拜是专一委身给神(参出 20:3-5 )。对这班外邦人来说,神仅是另一个偶像而已。他们声称敬拜神,真正的动机却是要破坏圣殿的重建。今天,信徒必须提防假基督徒利用基督教作谋取私利的工具。 

  拉 4:4-5> 建殿受扰乱,能不沮丧?生活有困难应不恐惧?你说,还有出路…… 

  4:4-5 沮丧和恐惧,是完成神工作的两大障碍,它们会突然而来,使我们措手不及。沮丧蚕蚀我们的工作动力,恐惧则僵化我们,使人毫不进取。我们必须小心这些阻碍,并记住从古至今,在每一个时代,神的子民都会遇上困难,只要专心靠主,神必帮助人得胜。当你沮丧和恐惧时,凭着圣徒间的彼此扶持,定能胜过艰难,完成神的旨意。 

  拉 4:6-23> 以斯拉把各样事件放在一起,却不按时序排列,用意何在? 

  4:6-23 以斯拉把重建圣殿、修筑城墙,重修耶路撒冷等重要工程时的种种障碍,一一概述在这段经文内。按年代次序来分, 4 章 6 节的事,该排在第 6 至 7 章之间; 4 章 7 至 23 节的事,则应在以斯拉记 7 章与尼希米记 1 章所载事件之间。以斯拉把这些事件集中在一起,以突出多年来神的工作不断受到干扰,但祂的大能最终仍得胜的事实。 

  拉 4:7> 这些信一定不会像今天一般是写在纸上…… 

  4:7 这封致亚达薛西的信,可能刻在泥版上,也可能记在陶器碎片或羊皮纸上。 

  以斯拉时期执政的波斯王 

  拉 4:10> 在历史上多强大的王国也会衰落,看亚斯那巴王── 

  4:10 亚斯那巴(公元前 669-627 年)曾重新迁徙被掳的以色列人。他是亚述国最后一位有为君主,他死后国家随即衰落。公元前 612 年亚述终被巴比伦征服。 

  拉 4:19-20> 当亚达薛西发现君王皆出自耶路撒冷后,他就…… 

  4:19-20 亚达薛西曾说:耶路撒冷“自古以来常有背叛列王、反叛悖逆的事。”他翻查历史记载,发现君王皆出自耶路撒冷,他也许担忧此城一旦重建起来,会再兴起一位强大的君王。过去所罗门曾统治庞大帝国(参王上 4:21 ),而耶路撒冷的王亦屡抗强权,例如西底家起誓效忠尼布甲尼撒,但最后仍背叛了他(参代下 36:13 )。故此亚达薛西不愿帮助重建这个城邦。 

  拉 4:23> 被逐回归,心只想建殿却又受阻,怎不灰心──不然!为什么? 

  4:23 被逐的以色列人祸不单行( 4:1-22 ),饱受挫折,重建的工作又停滞,心中既痛苦又沮丧。虽然环境有时由不得人控制,领袖们也应尽忠,使工作继续进行。当你被困扰,感到寸步难移时,切记仍要在主里刚强站立。 

  拉 4:24> 停止了,却也不是永远不再动── 

  4:24 从这一节开始,以斯拉再次按年月顺序记录。这节所发生的事情,距百姓动工重建圣殿之时约有十年之久。重建工程停止了,至公元前 520 年,即大利乌王在位第二年才恢复( 5 章)。──《灵修版圣经注释》